{"id":1387,"date":"2018-03-12T09:52:25","date_gmt":"2018-03-12T08:52:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ddg-gastro.be\/?p=1387\/"},"modified":"2023-08-18T11:28:36","modified_gmt":"2023-08-18T10:28:36","slug":"maladies-inflammatoires-chroniques-de-lintestin-mici","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/welliecare.com\/en\/maladies-inflammatoires-chroniques-de-lintestin-mici\/","title":{"rendered":"Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD)<\/strong> are very common and paradoxically not well known. They are generally characterised by recurrent abdominal pain and diarrhoea due to inflammation of the large intestine. How are they diagnosed? What are the causes, symptoms and possible treatments? Find out everything you need to know about IBD in this article.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_80 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/welliecare.com\/en\/maladies-inflammatoires-chroniques-de-lintestin-mici\/#Chronic_Inflammatory_Bowel_Disease_What_is_it\" >Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease: What is it?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/welliecare.com\/en\/maladies-inflammatoires-chroniques-de-lintestin-mici\/#Hemorrhagic_rectocolitis_and_Crohns_disease_The_similarities\" >Hemorrhagic rectocolitis and Crohn&#8217;s disease: The similarities<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/welliecare.com\/en\/maladies-inflammatoires-chroniques-de-lintestin-mici\/#Hemorrhagic_rectocolitis_and_Crohns_disease_The_differences\" >Hemorrhagic rectocolitis and Crohn&#8217;s disease: The differences<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/welliecare.com\/en\/maladies-inflammatoires-chroniques-de-lintestin-mici\/#What_are_the_causes_of_these_chronic_diseases\" >What are the causes of these chronic diseases ?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/welliecare.com\/en\/maladies-inflammatoires-chroniques-de-lintestin-mici\/#What_are_the_symptoms_of_IBD\" >What are the symptoms of IBD ?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/welliecare.com\/en\/maladies-inflammatoires-chroniques-de-lintestin-mici\/#How_can_they_be_diagnosed\" >How can they be diagnosed ?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/welliecare.com\/en\/maladies-inflammatoires-chroniques-de-lintestin-mici\/#1_%E2%80%93_Stool_and_blood_tests\" >1 &#8211; Stool and blood tests<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/welliecare.com\/en\/maladies-inflammatoires-chroniques-de-lintestin-mici\/#2_%E2%80%93_Endoscopy_with_mucosal_biopsy\" >2 &#8211; Endoscopy with mucosal biopsy<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/welliecare.com\/en\/maladies-inflammatoires-chroniques-de-lintestin-mici\/#How_to_treat_Chronic_Inflammatory_Bowel_Disease_CIBD\" >How to treat Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease (CIBD) ?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/welliecare.com\/en\/maladies-inflammatoires-chroniques-de-lintestin-mici\/#1_%E2%80%93_Anti-inflammatory_drugs\" >1 &#8211; Anti-inflammatory drugs<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/welliecare.com\/en\/maladies-inflammatoires-chroniques-de-lintestin-mici\/#2_%E2%80%93_Corticosteroids\" >2 &#8211; Corticosteroids<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/welliecare.com\/en\/maladies-inflammatoires-chroniques-de-lintestin-mici\/#3_%E2%80%93_Immunomodulatory_or_immunosuppressive_biotherapies\" >3 &#8211; Immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive biotherapies<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chronic_Inflammatory_Bowel_Disease_What_is_it\"><\/span>Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease: What is it?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>There are two main forms of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.inserm.fr\/dossier\/maladies-inflammatoires-chroniques-intestin-mici\/\">IBD<\/a>)\u00a0: <strong>ulcerative colitis<\/strong> and <strong>Crohn&#8217;s disease<\/strong>. These two types of inflammation of the intestine share many similarities to the point where it is sometimes difficult to distinguish between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hemorrhagic_rectocolitis_and_Crohns_disease_The_similarities\"><\/span>Hemorrhagic rectocolitis and Crohn&#8217;s disease: The similarities<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Both diseases are characterised by inflammation of the lining of a part of the digestive tract. This is due to the dysregulation of the intestinal immune system. They also share epidemiological, therapeutic and clinical similarities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hemorrhagic_rectocolitis_and_Crohns_disease_The_differences\"><\/span>Hemorrhagic rectocolitis and Crohn&#8217;s disease: The differences<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The main difference lies in the location of the lesions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Hemorrhagic rectocolitis<\/strong> can be recognised by lesions that are confined to the colon and rectum. Although these lesions are superficial, it is important to recognise that they lead to significant bleeding.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Crohn&#8217;s disease<\/strong> is localised in the whole digestive tract from the mouth to the anus. In this case, there are larger lesions. As a result, some fistulas, which are still called holes in the wall of the intestine, may appear.<\/p>\n\n\n<p><iframe title=\"Maladie Inflammatoire de L&#039;intestin (MII)\" width=\"1220\" height=\"686\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/_d6s0gi7JDQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_are_the_causes_of_these_chronic_diseases\"><\/span>What are the causes of these chronic diseases ?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The causes of IBD are not fully known. However, there are a number of factors that contribute to it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>IBD is unevenly distributed around the world. Compared to the southern hemisphere, the northern hemisphere has the highest frequency. This suggests ethnic or geographical factors.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are also genetic factors related to <strong>family history<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition, environmental factors also increase the risk of developing IBD. These include, but are not limited to :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tobacco, <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>appendectomy, <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>food, <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the psyche (permanent stress), <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>taking aspirin or anti-inflammatory drugs, <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>low sunlight levels and vitamin D deficiency.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_are_the_symptoms_of_IBD\"><\/span>What are the symptoms of IBD ?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The symptoms vary depending on the location of the disease.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The onset of <strong>diarrhoea <\/strong>and <strong>chronic abdominal pain<\/strong> is observed in people with Crohn&#8217;s disease. In contrast, patients with ulcerative colitis usually have intermittent episodes of abdominal pain and <strong>bloody diarrhoea<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition, it should be noted that the diarrhoea that patients experience can lead to <strong>significant weight loss<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Exceptionally, IBD can attack other parts of the body such as the joints, eyes, mouth, liver, gallbladder and skin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition, areas that have suffered from IBD are generally at<strong> risk of cancer<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_can_they_be_diagnosed\"><\/span>How can they be diagnosed ?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Diagnosis is not easy, as there is an interference of symptoms between IBD and certain <strong>digestive inflammations<\/strong>, such as a parasitic or bacterial infection.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To do this, two main examinations are carried out.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%E2%80%93_Stool_and_blood_tests\"><\/span>1 &#8211; Stool and blood tests<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>To identify a possible bacterial or parasitic infection, the doctor analyses the patient&#8217;s stool and blood samples. It should be noted that this infection can also be caused by antibiotic treatment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition, the symptoms of sexually transmitted diseases can also be similar to Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. To avoid confusion of symptoms, the health professional screens the rectum for <strong>Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)<\/strong>: Gonorrhoea, Herpes virus infection and Chlamydia infection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%E2%80%93_Endoscopy_with_mucosal_biopsy\"><\/span>2 &#8211; Endoscopy with mucosal biopsy<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In this case, the doctor uses an endoscopy probe to examine the colon and the end of the small intestine, from which fragments of the mucous membrane are removed and studied in the laboratory under a microscope.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_to_treat_Chronic_Inflammatory_Bowel_Disease_CIBD\"><\/span>How to treat Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease (CIBD) ?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In terms of treatment of IBD, there is no drug to prevent it. Similarly, it should be noted that there is no total cure for IBD. Nevertheless, relative treatment solutions are available and can be divided into three areas: Medication, surgery and a healthy lifestyle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%E2%80%93_Anti-inflammatory_drugs\"><\/span>1 &#8211; Anti-inflammatory drugs<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Inflammation <\/strong>is the main symptom of IBD. This means that, if left unchecked, the patient&#8217;s quality of life is greatly affected. <strong>Anti-inflammatory<\/strong> drugs will therefore help to relieve the pain for a time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For ulcerative colitis, doctors generally prescribe 5-aminosalicylates (5-ASA) in the early stages of the disease and of varying degrees of severity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%E2%80%93_Corticosteroids\"><\/span>2 &#8211; Corticosteroids<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In the case of Crohn&#8217;s disease, health professionals prescribe <strong>corticosteroids <\/strong>instead. While the effectiveness is verifiable, there are medium- and long-term side effects, such as weight gain, increased blood pressure and endocrine and bone disorders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is why the use of corticosteroids is tending to be reduced in favour of short attack treatments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%E2%80%93_Immunomodulatory_or_immunosuppressive_biotherapies\"><\/span>3 &#8211; Immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive biotherapies<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In cases of advanced or progressive disease, doctors prescribe <strong>immunomodulatory <\/strong>or <strong>immunosuppressive therapy<\/strong>. The aim is to regulate the patient&#8217;s immunity and <strong>reduce inflammation<\/strong> in the long term.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Moreover, when the various treatments have been ineffective, surgery is used as a last resort.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Furthermore, studies have shown that despite the various drug and surgical solutions, the secret to better treatment of IBD is and remains good nutrition, stress management and health maintenance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, it is important to know that IBD increases the risk of contracting other infections or severe bacteria. For this reason, patients are advised to keep up to date with their various vaccinations and to <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/welliecare.com\/en\/appointment\/\">repeat the various diagnostic tests<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-left kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;1387&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;4&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Rate this post&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;5\\\/5 - (2 votes)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;138&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 4px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 4px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 4px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 4px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 4px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 138px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 4px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 4px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 4px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 4px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 4px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            5\/5 - (2 votes)    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l\u2019intestin, maladie de Crohn et rectocolite h\u00e9morragique, se caract\u00e9risent par l\u2019inflammation de la paroi d\u2019une partie du tube  [\u2026]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2017,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1387","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gastroenterology"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) - Welliecare<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Inflammatory bowel diseases, Crohn&#039;s disease and ulcerative colitis, are characterised by inflammation of the lining of a part of the digestive tract, linked to hyperactivity of the digestive immune system.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/welliecare.com\/maladies-inflammatoires-chroniques-de-lintestin-mici\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) - 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